.
THE FORUM FOR AUTOMATION AND MANUFACTURING PROFESSIONALS
Enterprise Architecture to fight the 2nd law of Thermodynamics Jean Vieille Control Chain Group
j.vieille@controchaingroup.com
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
1
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
2
Information in Industrial Enterprise
· Information flood, addiction · Common paradigm:
Enterprise System
· Computer + network + databases + software = IS · Information System serves the Enterprise system
Information System
· WBF EU2008: Closing the gap between IT and
manufacturing
Nature
· Need for a symbiotic approach more conform to the
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
3
Relative importance of IT in Enterprises
· Service, Banks, Insurance companies · Industry
· Objective return on investment
· The sold items are virtual = intrinsically Informational · IT is the production asset = investment · The sold items are physical · IT is a supporting utility = operating expense · What is the true IT importance?
workforce (and associated costs)
· How to justify expenses? Feeling, assumptions, hopes... · Hard benefits of early automation: eliminated biological
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
4
Sustainable development and environment
· Industry is a major component in the Earth eco·
system Fast rise of enterprises « Social Responsibility » concern
· Cares about social, environmental and economical ·
footprints Various motivations
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
5
Enterprise as a scientific subject
· · ·
Largely studied subject
· · · · · ·
Academic studies often stays at the "Valid philosophy" stage Intuitive, simple, common sense approaches (6 Sigma, Lean management, Theory of Constraints) more successful Market, Shareholders, bankers, environmentalists, economics constraints => genial intuitive managers Help achieving short term "reasonable" objectives & long term sustainable evolution Converge to Information
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Enterprises intuitive management
Leveraging relevant physics principles
Jean Vieille
6
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
7
Chaos
· The nature is not deterministic · Chaos in space · Chaos in Time
· Not everything is written · Surprises are needed for the fun... and for evolution · What is the length of French Brittany shores? · The "Butterfly Effect"
· Enterprise are chaotic
law..
· As most natural systems · Unpredictable events, Unexpected outcomes Murphy's
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
8
Complexity
· Doesn't mean "complicated"
· Interaction : Many components interacting non linearly · Chaotic : makes the system capable of improvements · Spanning several scales : Plants, Area, Work centres, · · ·
Units, Drives Emerging properties / behaviour : properly driven machine and appropriate knowledge can elaborate a product unknown from the machine perspective Self organization, adaptability, ultimately selfreproduction Involves Cooperation/Competition, Internally/Externally
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
9
Entropy
·
The 2 laws of Thermodynamics: In a closed systems
1. Total energy does not change 2. Temperatures tend to equilibrium: part of the energy mutes in a non usable form because of "Entropy"
3 Interpretations
· · ·
Irreversibility: engines produce unrecoverable heat
·
The Arrow of Time: Closed systems entropy always increases as the Universe's
·
Measure of the disorder: Kid's room, engineer desk... Measure of ignorance: We are part of the system: Disorder prevents understanding At the expense of the surrounding system
10
Entropy of an open system can increase or decrease
·
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Information Physics
· Information is the ultimate science · Could be a primary material of the Universe... · Information Entropy (Shannon)
information processing.
· Allows to build other sciences
· Particles interactions, particles themselves... · Grinbaum: Time = Ignorance (= Entropy?)
· The minimum length of a message for a given meaning · Affected by coding, noise, redundancy · Could be generalized to measure the "effectiveness" of
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
11
Energy and Information
· Information processing consumes energy
maximum
· Does not produce any energy: thermodynamic entropy is · Information "applied" to a system increases its knowledge, its
order = reduces its entropy
· Information conveys ordering power, "Negentropy"
effectiveness of this process
Energy Information Processing
· Generalized Information entropy represents the entropic
Energy
Negentropy
System
Energy
Entropy
Jean Vieille
Losses
Entropy
Losses
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
12
Systemics / Cybernetics
·
Systemics studies Open, Complex systems
· · · · · · ·
System: Set of elements in dynamic interrelation that are organised for a given purpose (J. De Rosnay) Open system: Interacts with its environment
·
=/ Closed system: no matter/energy I/Os
Complex system: the whole more than its parts, chaos... Opposes to (or complement) Cartesian, analytic approach Particularly applied in sociology, biology and environment Is basically about control loops... Complex systems are full of them!
·
Cybernetics is part of systemics
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
13
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
14
Enterprise is an Open, Complex System
· Physical interactions:
· Noospherical interactions:
enterprises
· Earth, other Enterprises, internal Resources · Goals of the World, Humanity, Humans, Owners, other · Nations, NGOs, Trade unions, Family
· Social interactions:
· Obeys to cybernetics' laws (i.e. PID)
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
15
Industry eco-system
Agriculture Food Industry Food Biological-natural machinery
Work
Maintenance of Social Organization Industry
Uranium
Energy Industry
Oil, Gas, Nuclear, Wind, Sun, hydraulic
Usable energy
Mechanical-artificial machinery
Inspired by J. de Rosnay, Le Macroscope
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
16
Industry Economics
From J. de Rosnay, Le Macroscope
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
17
The enterprise black box: Energy Chain
Negentropy
Negentropy
Negentropy
Negentropy
Biological
Energy Enterprise Energy
es Entropy oss L
Logistics Energy Enterprise Energy Consumption Work s s es se e s s ss os Entropy Lo Entropy Lo L Entropy
Earth
Entropy
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
18
The enterprise black box: Energy Chain
Government Employees Shareholders Environment
Suppliers, Customers Partners Subcontractors Bankers, Insurers
Money Knowledge Energy
Negentropy Enterprise
Money Knowledge Energy
Entropy
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
19
Opening the black box: Examples of enterprise structures (from PRM)
EXTERNAL ENTITIES
Corporate Management
Policies
Purchasing
RD&E
Marketing and Sales
Human Resources
Accounting
Vendor Contracts
Know How
Requirements
ManPower
ManuRequirements facturing Policies
FACTORY LEVEL 0.0
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
20
Opening the black box: High level interactions
Shareholders Capital
Money In
Employees, Government, Bank, etc
Waste
Bank Government etc Customers
Benefit
Money Out
Company Profit
Investment, Inventory & Cash Flow
Money In
Business
Money Chain Money Out
Suppliers
Control
Knowledge In Design Chain Knowledge Out Energy R. Material Entropy
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
F. Product
Energy Chain
Jean Vieille
21
Enterprise entropy
· ·
Many different forms of energy
· · · ·
Thermal, chemical, Electrical, Radiant, Nuclear, Magnetic, Elastic, Acoustic, Gravitational... Human resource: inefficiency, errors, tiredness, aging, illness, discontent .. Equipment resource: wear & tear, inefficiency, breakdown... Material & energy resource: waste, energetic balance, uselessness (decreasing relevancy)... Earth system feedback loops will correct or eliminate offenders
Many different forms of entropy
·
High entropy may satisfy short term financial goals
·
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
22
Information, IT and Enterprise
· There are no Information System
· IT just adds to other information media
·
· Information is part of the system, of the enterprise · Not the attribute of a separate enterprise component · From people's memory, paper files, couriers, telephone,
pneumatic tubes, human brain, analog computers, mechanical marvels... ...To electronic data storage devices, networks, and computers
· IT makes possible more interactions, more
complexity, more knowledge, less entropy
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
23
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
24
Enterprise System Control
· Enterprise is a complex, adaptive system · Control is not separate
Control system Operated system
· Many components interactions · Many feedback loops · Enterprise control is like Process control
Control System
Jean Vieille Equipment ISA88
Entity Concept
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
25
Why an enterprise architecture?
· Entropy is impacted by knowledge, ·
organization, information EA helps for
· Understanding: describes enterprise spatiotemporal · ·
aspects (structures and interactions) Defining target improvements: design changes Monitoring achieved improvements: follow-up with changes implementation and effectiveness
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
26
Why an Enterprise Architecture?
·
It is Architecture effort
· · · · · · ·
· ·
Unlike construction business, it is an ongoing activity in a living organism like an Enterprise Drafts AS-IS and prospective TO-BE Plan and monitor the construction / Changes Mainly informational Buildings and facilities are merely a facet EA too often IT focused Top-down, prescriptive approaches can kill the system by negating its complexity
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Enterprise is essentially a "virtual entity"
Pitfalls
Jean Vieille
27
Enterprise Architecture Modelling Frameworks
· EA relies on Models
· Many EA frameworks
· Express knowledge relate to entropy... · PERA, CIMOSA, Zachman, TOGAF, FEAF, IAF... · Strong IT focus · High level meta-models, do not contradict more practical
models like ISA88/ISA95
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
28
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
29
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
30
ISA88/95 manufacturing architecture framework
· How ISA88/95 fit in EA
· EA frameworks address the whole enterprise
informational part of the enterprise
· This concept is well documented for describing the virtual, · Manufacturing is much more complex, needs "information
translation" from its physical nature.
· Manufacturing architecture is a sub part of EA · Information / System gap is harder to close!
manufacturing reality
· ISA88/95 helps to depict, understand and control the
· The next slide gives the big picture of an integrated
ISA88/95 manufacturing architecture framework
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
31
figure 9
Manufacturing Architecture Dimensions Inventory Asset Management
Product Asset Management
Physical Asset Management
Human Asset Management
Operation Process Management
ISA95
Physical Process Management
Physical Process Control
ISA88
Equipment Control
ISA88 + ISA95
TOGAF ITIL
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
32
IT Asset Management
figure 10
Ongoing Manufacturing Architecture
1b. Physical Modelling 2. Equipment Control Modelling
1a. Product Modelling 3. Process Procedural Modelling 4. Segments Modelling 5. Operation Process Modelling
1a. Inventory Modelling
1c. Human Modelling
IT modelling
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
33
figure 11
Business/IT Convergence Processes
Strategy Management
Manage
IT Master Planning
Execute
Manufacturin g Architecture Functional Requirement s IT development IT Deployement
Use
IT Support & Maintain 6. OPE Operate
Information Technology Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
34
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
35
Wrap up
· · · ·
Entropy is a basic behaviour of nature
· · · · · · · · ·
Ongoing disorder - Arrow of time Ignorance Complex, open Earth subsystems, subject to Entropy and Chaos Living organism: React by reorganizing, adapting itself permanently Information is its intimate, intrinsic component Manages ongoing enterprise construction, Enables IT convergence Manufacturing architecture is more complex, needs "translation" ISA88 and ISA95 are good candidate to support MA Should drive negentropic IT development. Working on measuring methods...
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Enterprises obey to physical laws
Enterprise Architecture
Entropy is the indicator of smartness
Jean Vieille
36
The 10 commandments of Systemic
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Preserve variety Do not "open" regulatory loops Look for the points of amplification Re-establish equilibriums through decentralization Know how to maintain constraints Differentiate to integrate better To evolve, allow aggression Prefer objectives to detailed programming Know how to use operating energy Respect response times
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
37
THE FORUM FOR AUTOMATION AND MANUFACTURING PROFESSIONALS
Questions?
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
38
Enterprise Architecture to fight the 2nd law of Thermodynamics Jean Vieille Control Chain Group
j.vieille@controchaingroup.com
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
1
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
2
Information in Industrial Enterprise
· Information flood, addiction · Common paradigm:
Enterprise System
· Computer + network + databases + software = IS · Information System serves the Enterprise system
Information System
· WBF EU2008: Closing the gap between IT and
manufacturing
Nature
· Need for a symbiotic approach more conform to the
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
3
Relative importance of IT in Enterprises
· Service, Banks, Insurance companies · Industry
· Objective return on investment
· The sold items are virtual = intrinsically Informational · IT is the production asset = investment · The sold items are physical · IT is a supporting utility = operating expense · What is the true IT importance?
workforce (and associated costs)
· How to justify expenses? Feeling, assumptions, hopes... · Hard benefits of early automation: eliminated biological
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
4
Sustainable development and environment
· Industry is a major component in the Earth eco·
system Fast rise of enterprises « Social Responsibility » concern
· Cares about social, environmental and economical ·
footprints Various motivations
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
5
Enterprise as a scientific subject
· · ·
Largely studied subject
· · · · · ·
Academic studies often stays at the "Valid philosophy" stage Intuitive, simple, common sense approaches (6 Sigma, Lean management, Theory of Constraints) more successful Market, Shareholders, bankers, environmentalists, economics constraints => genial intuitive managers Help achieving short term "reasonable" objectives & long term sustainable evolution Converge to Information
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Enterprises intuitive management
Leveraging relevant physics principles
Jean Vieille
6
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
7
Chaos
· The nature is not deterministic · Chaos in space · Chaos in Time
· Not everything is written · Surprises are needed for the fun... and for evolution · What is the length of French Brittany shores? · The "Butterfly Effect"
· Enterprise are chaotic
law..
· As most natural systems · Unpredictable events, Unexpected outcomes Murphy's
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
8
Complexity
· Doesn't mean "complicated"
· Interaction : Many components interacting non linearly · Chaotic : makes the system capable of improvements · Spanning several scales : Plants, Area, Work centres, · · ·
Units, Drives Emerging properties / behaviour : properly driven machine and appropriate knowledge can elaborate a product unknown from the machine perspective Self organization, adaptability, ultimately selfreproduction Involves Cooperation/Competition, Internally/Externally
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
9
Entropy
·
The 2 laws of Thermodynamics: In a closed systems
1. Total energy does not change 2. Temperatures tend to equilibrium: part of the energy mutes in a non usable form because of "Entropy"
3 Interpretations
· · ·
Irreversibility: engines produce unrecoverable heat
·
The Arrow of Time: Closed systems entropy always increases as the Universe's
·
Measure of the disorder: Kid's room, engineer desk... Measure of ignorance: We are part of the system: Disorder prevents understanding At the expense of the surrounding system
10
Entropy of an open system can increase or decrease
·
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Information Physics
· Information is the ultimate science · Could be a primary material of the Universe... · Information Entropy (Shannon)
information processing.
· Allows to build other sciences
· Particles interactions, particles themselves... · Grinbaum: Time = Ignorance (= Entropy?)
· The minimum length of a message for a given meaning · Affected by coding, noise, redundancy · Could be generalized to measure the "effectiveness" of
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
11
Energy and Information
· Information processing consumes energy
maximum
· Does not produce any energy: thermodynamic entropy is · Information "applied" to a system increases its knowledge, its
order = reduces its entropy
· Information conveys ordering power, "Negentropy"
effectiveness of this process
Energy Information Processing
· Generalized Information entropy represents the entropic
Energy
Negentropy
System
Energy
Entropy
Jean Vieille
Losses
Entropy
Losses
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
12
Systemics / Cybernetics
·
Systemics studies Open, Complex systems
· · · · · · ·
System: Set of elements in dynamic interrelation that are organised for a given purpose (J. De Rosnay) Open system: Interacts with its environment
·
=/ Closed system: no matter/energy I/Os
Complex system: the whole more than its parts, chaos... Opposes to (or complement) Cartesian, analytic approach Particularly applied in sociology, biology and environment Is basically about control loops... Complex systems are full of them!
·
Cybernetics is part of systemics
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
13
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
14
Enterprise is an Open, Complex System
· Physical interactions:
· Noospherical interactions:
enterprises
· Earth, other Enterprises, internal Resources · Goals of the World, Humanity, Humans, Owners, other · Nations, NGOs, Trade unions, Family
· Social interactions:
· Obeys to cybernetics' laws (i.e. PID)
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
15
Industry eco-system
Agriculture Food Industry Food Biological-natural machinery
Work
Maintenance of Social Organization Industry
Uranium
Energy Industry
Oil, Gas, Nuclear, Wind, Sun, hydraulic
Usable energy
Mechanical-artificial machinery
Inspired by J. de Rosnay, Le Macroscope
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
16
Industry Economics
From J. de Rosnay, Le Macroscope
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
17
The enterprise black box: Energy Chain
Negentropy
Negentropy
Negentropy
Negentropy
Biological
Energy Enterprise Energy
es Entropy oss L
Logistics Energy Enterprise Energy Consumption Work s s es se e s s ss os Entropy Lo Entropy Lo L Entropy
Earth
Entropy
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
18
The enterprise black box: Energy Chain
Government Employees Shareholders Environment
Suppliers, Customers Partners Subcontractors Bankers, Insurers
Money Knowledge Energy
Negentropy Enterprise
Money Knowledge Energy
Entropy
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
19
Opening the black box: Examples of enterprise structures (from PRM)
EXTERNAL ENTITIES
Corporate Management
Policies
Purchasing
RD&E
Marketing and Sales
Human Resources
Accounting
Vendor Contracts
Know How
Requirements
ManPower
ManuRequirements facturing Policies
FACTORY LEVEL 0.0
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
20
Opening the black box: High level interactions
Shareholders Capital
Money In
Employees, Government, Bank, etc
Waste
Bank Government etc Customers
Benefit
Money Out
Company Profit
Investment, Inventory & Cash Flow
Money In
Business
Money Chain Money Out
Suppliers
Control
Knowledge In Design Chain Knowledge Out Energy R. Material Entropy
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
F. Product
Energy Chain
Jean Vieille
21
Enterprise entropy
· ·
Many different forms of energy
· · · ·
Thermal, chemical, Electrical, Radiant, Nuclear, Magnetic, Elastic, Acoustic, Gravitational... Human resource: inefficiency, errors, tiredness, aging, illness, discontent .. Equipment resource: wear & tear, inefficiency, breakdown... Material & energy resource: waste, energetic balance, uselessness (decreasing relevancy)... Earth system feedback loops will correct or eliminate offenders
Many different forms of entropy
·
High entropy may satisfy short term financial goals
·
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
22
Information, IT and Enterprise
· There are no Information System
· IT just adds to other information media
·
· Information is part of the system, of the enterprise · Not the attribute of a separate enterprise component · From people's memory, paper files, couriers, telephone,
pneumatic tubes, human brain, analog computers, mechanical marvels... ...To electronic data storage devices, networks, and computers
· IT makes possible more interactions, more
complexity, more knowledge, less entropy
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
23
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
24
Enterprise System Control
· Enterprise is a complex, adaptive system · Control is not separate
Control system Operated system
· Many components interactions · Many feedback loops · Enterprise control is like Process control
Control System
Jean Vieille Equipment ISA88
Entity Concept
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
25
Why an enterprise architecture?
· Entropy is impacted by knowledge, ·
organization, information EA helps for
· Understanding: describes enterprise spatiotemporal · ·
aspects (structures and interactions) Defining target improvements: design changes Monitoring achieved improvements: follow-up with changes implementation and effectiveness
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
26
Why an Enterprise Architecture?
·
It is Architecture effort
· · · · · · ·
· ·
Unlike construction business, it is an ongoing activity in a living organism like an Enterprise Drafts AS-IS and prospective TO-BE Plan and monitor the construction / Changes Mainly informational Buildings and facilities are merely a facet EA too often IT focused Top-down, prescriptive approaches can kill the system by negating its complexity
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Enterprise is essentially a "virtual entity"
Pitfalls
Jean Vieille
27
Enterprise Architecture Modelling Frameworks
· EA relies on Models
· Many EA frameworks
· Express knowledge relate to entropy... · PERA, CIMOSA, Zachman, TOGAF, FEAF, IAF... · Strong IT focus · High level meta-models, do not contradict more practical
models like ISA88/ISA95
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
28
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
29
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
30
ISA88/95 manufacturing architecture framework
· How ISA88/95 fit in EA
· EA frameworks address the whole enterprise
informational part of the enterprise
· This concept is well documented for describing the virtual, · Manufacturing is much more complex, needs "information
translation" from its physical nature.
· Manufacturing architecture is a sub part of EA · Information / System gap is harder to close!
manufacturing reality
· ISA88/95 helps to depict, understand and control the
· The next slide gives the big picture of an integrated
ISA88/95 manufacturing architecture framework
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
31
figure 9
Manufacturing Architecture Dimensions Inventory Asset Management
Product Asset Management
Physical Asset Management
Human Asset Management
Operation Process Management
ISA95
Physical Process Management
Physical Process Control
ISA88
Equipment Control
ISA88 + ISA95
TOGAF ITIL
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
32
IT Asset Management
figure 10
Ongoing Manufacturing Architecture
1b. Physical Modelling 2. Equipment Control Modelling
1a. Product Modelling 3. Process Procedural Modelling 4. Segments Modelling 5. Operation Process Modelling
1a. Inventory Modelling
1c. Human Modelling
IT modelling
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
33
figure 11
Business/IT Convergence Processes
Strategy Management
Manage
IT Master Planning
Execute
Manufacturin g Architecture Functional Requirement s IT development IT Deployement
Use
IT Support & Maintain 6. OPE Operate
Information Technology Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
34
Agenda
· Introduction · Physics · The Industrial Enterprise System · Enterprise Architecture · ISA88/95 manufacturing modeling framework · Conclusion
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
35
Wrap up
· · · ·
Entropy is a basic behaviour of nature
· · · · · · · · ·
Ongoing disorder - Arrow of time Ignorance Complex, open Earth subsystems, subject to Entropy and Chaos Living organism: React by reorganizing, adapting itself permanently Information is its intimate, intrinsic component Manages ongoing enterprise construction, Enables IT convergence Manufacturing architecture is more complex, needs "translation" ISA88 and ISA95 are good candidate to support MA Should drive negentropic IT development. Working on measuring methods...
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Enterprises obey to physical laws
Enterprise Architecture
Entropy is the indicator of smartness
Jean Vieille
36
The 10 commandments of Systemic
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Preserve variety Do not "open" regulatory loops Look for the points of amplification Re-establish equilibriums through decentralization Know how to maintain constraints Differentiate to integrate better To evolve, allow aggression Prefer objectives to detailed programming Know how to use operating energy Respect response times
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
Jean Vieille
37
THE FORUM FOR AUTOMATION AND MANUFACTURING PROFESSIONALS
Questions?
Jean Vieille
Copyright © 2008 WBF. All rights reserved.
38
Johann Sebastian Bach. the music closest to silence, closest, in spite of its being so highly organized, to pure, one-hundred-degree proof Spirit" (Aldous Huxley, Island)